The Physical Environment Index

Every Medicare-certified nursing home is surveyed twice: the Life Safety Code visit, and the health survey. Part of the health survey is the building as the health surveyors see it — essential equipment in safe operating condition, the resident call system, bed frames and rails, ventilation, handrails, pest control, smoking policy, hazards — recorded as F-tags in a separate CMS file. This is a plain reference to that part of the record, and only that part.

13,740
Facilities with a physical-environment citation
94% of 14,690 certified
64,831
Citations on file
Rolling three-year window
9,771
Cited on the same tag twice
At separate surveys
652
Cited here and nowhere else
A clean Life Safety record

These are counted on their own.A facility’s Life Safety total, its position within its state, its survey window and its clean-record badge are the fire-safety record only. The health survey runs on its own cadence and its findings are shown alongside, never added in. How this is compiled

The tags, most-cited first

The 13physical-environment tags of the health survey. Descriptions are CMS’s own.

Physical-environment tags cited at US nursing homes
TagWhat the surveyor checksFacilitiesCited twice or more
F-0880Provide and implement an infection prevention and control program.11,9477,337
F-0689Ensure that a nursing home area is free from accident hazards and provides adequate supervision to prevent accidents.10,0665,728
F-0584Honor the resident's right to a safe, clean, comfortable and homelike environment, including but not limited to receiving treatment and supports for daily living safely.5,7892,113
F-0921Make sure that the nursing home area is safe, easy to use, clean and comfortable for residents, staff and the public.2,550617
F-0908Keep all essential equipment working safely.1,663234
F-0919Make sure that a working call system is available in each resident's bathroom and bathing area.1,572199
F-0925Make sure there is a pest control program to prevent/deal with mice, insects, or other pests.1,475255
F-0909Regularly inspect all bed frames, mattresses, and bed rails (if any) for safety; and all bed rails and mattresses must attach safely to the bed frame.45931
F-0926Have policies on smoking.25715
F-0924Put firmly secured handrails on each side of hallways.1974
F-0923Have enough outside ventilation via a window or mechanical ventilation, or both.1306
F-0922Have enough backup water supply for essential areas of the nursing home.420
F-0906Provide enough power supply for lighting all entrances and exits; equipment for fire detection and alarm systems, and extinguishers.110

What the maintenance department owns

Most of the health survey is about care. These are the tags where the finding is a piece of equipment, a system, or the state of the building — the ones that land on the maintenance director’s desk. In CMS’s own words, what each checks:

  • F-0908 Keep all essential equipment working safely. · 1,663 facilities cited
  • F-0919 Make sure that a working call system is available in each resident's bathroom and bathing area. · 1,572 facilities cited
  • F-0909 Regularly inspect all bed frames, mattresses, and bed rails (if any) for safety; and all bed rails and mattresses must attach safely to the bed frame. · 459 facilities cited
  • F-0925 Make sure there is a pest control program to prevent/deal with mice, insects, or other pests. · 1,475 facilities cited
  • F-0921 Make sure that the nursing home area is safe, easy to use, clean and comfortable for residents, staff and the public. · 2,550 facilities cited
  • F-0689 Ensure that a nursing home area is free from accident hazards and provides adequate supervision to prevent accidents. · 10,066 facilities cited

By state

The share of a state’s certified facilities with at least one physical-environment citation on file. As with the Life Safety tags, the spread says as much about how state agencies survey as about the homes.

Facilities with a physical-environment citation, by state
StateCertified facilitiesWith an F-tagShare
DC1717100%
HI4343100%
IL666663100%
CA1,1651,15599%
ME787799%
MO48748099%
RI727199%
CT19118898%
MD22121798%
NV666598%
OR12812698%
WA19318998%
KS29628797%
MI42241097%
ND727097%
NM686697%
TX1,1771,14097%
AR22121296%
CO21020296%
NE18017296%
WV12311896%
AK201995%
LA26525295%
OH92287595%
OK28326995%
ID807594%
MN33831894%
MS20219094%
UT979194%
VT333194%
WI32330394%
NJ34832593%
MT615692%
NY59354792%
SD968892%
TN30327992%
GA35632591%
VA28926391%
IN50745690%
MA34130890%
DE443989%
WY363289%
AL22419788%
FL69460988%
IA38733988%
AZ14012287%
KY26723287%
NH736386%
PA65656686%
SC18715985%
NC41933480%

F-tags are surveyed under State Operations Manual Appendix PP and published by CMS in the Health Deficiencies file, processed 2026-08-01. Only the thirteen physical-environment tags are compiled here; the rest of the health survey is not. Each facility’s page lists its physical-environment citations beside its Life Safety record. No regulation text is reproduced; requirements are referenced by section only.